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Anatoly Georgievich Basistov

In 1973, modernization of the hardware-software complex of the A-35 system was initiated to upgrade it to an A-35M ABM defense system. At about the same time, a team under A.G.Basistov, a prominent Soviet scholar in radio engineering and electronics, sketched out a new project for a future A-135 ABM defense system. In August 1977, official tests began on the A-35M ABM defense system, and in December of that year it was brought into service and put on combat alert on May 15, 1978. After various organizational experiments, General Designer Anatoliy Basistov began to take hold of the field. By the early 1990s, the new generation A-135 missile-defense system had been set up around Moscow.

Veteran of the Great Patriotic War, Basitov graduated from a navigator Regiment of bombers. At the end of the war Bassistoff sent to study at the Leningrad military Air Force Academy, which he finished on an accelerated rate, and May 5, 1945 flew to Berlin to get acquainted with the production of missiles and use technology V-1 and V-2.

In 1950 A.G.Basistova was seconded to the famous SB-1 / KB-1, which initially was led by the son of Lavrenty Beria - Sergo, then by Academician Alexander Raspletin. There he began work on the creation of anti-aircraft missile system S-25, its remote control systems, and in parallel to study at the Moscow Energy Institute. Here, under the direction of Alexander Andreyevich Raspletina, Amo Sergeyevich Elyana and Pavel Nikolayevich Kuksenno grew glorious cohort of talented enthusiasts - participants of the scientific and technological revolution, which unfolded in the Air Defense Forces in the early 1950s. A.G.Basistov was among them.

Then, in the Soviet Union in an unprecedented short period of time it was created by anti-aircraft guided missiles (Zuro). The first one was the S-25 (its original designation of "Golden Eagle"). A practical guide this giant hard work at the state level by a third under the command of General Directorate VM Ryabikova and his trusted deputy V. D. Kalmykova and Vetoshkina SI Scientific work in the chapter and its subordinate organizations, headed A. N. Schukin.

There were cases when in the course of affairs in the system C-25 interfered with Stalin. A weekly meeting dispatching Beria (up to 1953) received the grim nickname - "Black Friday". A great help for the S-25 provided the renowned nuclear scientist BL Vannikov.

Anatoly G. with great warmth remembered its work in time for testing and debugging a pilot and then a prototype radar B-200. These works took place in the summer of 1952, in the flight test airfield near the town of Zhukovsky near Moscow. There he worked as a representative of the probation department KB-1 led by Valeriya Dmitrievicha Kalmykova and Alexander Andreyevich Raspletina. Both of them began to Bassistoff not only teachers in the technique, but also a role model in everything: in the style of work, dedication to their work, with regard to the people.

Dmitriy Fedorovich Ustinov later, as Minister of Defense, at a meeting said significant words: "We all came out of the S-25." The leadership of KB-1 transferred A.G.Basistov for Moscow to work on the commissioning of combat objects S-25 system. Their construction, equipment instruments and equipment was carried out simultaneously with the test-firing of anti-aircraft missile system at the landfill. After configuring and debugging the Moscow region of S-25 were transferred to the operation of special purpose military units Air Defense Forces of the First Army.

In 1954 he became deputy chief designer of the air defense system S-25, carried out its field tests, provide technical guidance construction of the head of the complex. He led the development of the Leningrad Air Defense System.

In 1958, under the leadership of General Designer A.A.Raspletin was initiated to develop a new anti-aircraft missile system S-200. Tactical and technical requirements for it differed from the previous two principal features: giant firing range (over 200 km) and the ability to destroy not only the aircraft, but also small-sized unmanned flying bombs.

AG Basistov became deputy chief designer of the S-200. Soon, with his active creative participation to determine the principles of technical construction of the system. Decided inter alia: apply the method of semi-active homing missiles at the target with the seeker, have six ground-based radar tracking purposes and coupled with the command post radar detection and target setting.

A year later, the prototype was created, then came field testing. The entire burden of this important and challenging work fell on the shoulders of Anatoly Georgievich. The tests took place at the site near Lake Balkhash. Chief of the polygon [test range] was Stepan Dmitrievich Dorokhov, chief engineer - Mihail Ignatevich Trofimchuk.

The S-200 system in 1966 was adopted by and stood on alert for the protection and defense of the air borders of the USSR. Later, she brilliantly manifested itself in the Syrian-Israeli conflict in 1973. enemy planes avoided to fly into her battle zone. Anatoli Georgievich for his work on the S-200 system was awarded the title Hero of Socialist Labor.

It was during work on the system S-200 A.G.Basistov emerged as a prominent designer, talented scientist, a major organizer. Strengthened its creative relationships with design organizations, subcontractors, with factories, which began mass production of means of combat system, without waiting for ground tests C-200. And increased its authority in command of air defense forces of the country, Commander Marshal Batitsky Pavel Fedorovich. To him with great respect and P.N.Kuleshov and GF Bajdukov, and all the officers of the 4th Chief of Defense Management, who worked with him.

Now, after the S-200, Anatoliy Georgievich was on the shoulder to solve any most complex design problems. For technical guidance on the development, testing and commissioning of the country's first anti-aircraft missile system of long-range S-200 he was awarded the title Hero of Socialist Labor, and after putting on combat duty created under his leadership Moscow missile defense system, he was awarded the State Prize of Russia. During his lifetime A.G.Basistov led the country in the field of missile defense far ahead of the United States - and this is his great personal achievement. His name is inscribed in the Dictionary of the International Biographical Center next to the name, for example, the famous cardiologist Christian Barnard.

In May 1968, on the initiative of the Minister of Radio V.D.Kalmykov, by government decision Basistov AG was appointed Deputy GV Kisunko. Later in 1975, Anatoliyu Georgievichu entrusted to lead the work on the creation of a new missile defense system of Moscow - A-135. The A-135 system was put into service in 1989. The completion of these works was the top creative work of A.G. Bassistov. His work was awarded the USSR State Prize. He became a corresponding member of the USSR Academy of Sciences, was awarded the academic medal of his teacher AA Rapletina.

Anatoli Georgievich was assigned to the development of a missile defense system of Moscow. AG Basistov was supervisor of the program, which many then called "anti-SDI" - the Soviet answer Reagan's Strategic Defense Initiative. This program for many years served as a catalyst for the development of high technologies in the defense industry, linking the activities of ministries and departments to create a new generation of strategic missile defense system, it was attended by hundreds of major scientific and industrial complexes.

Their activities were coordinated and guided by Anatoliem Georgievichem's Interdepartmental Scientific Council, which includes many prominent scholars, such as Yuliy Borisovich Khariton, actively interacting with Anatoliem Georgievichem and outside the framework of the regulations of the Board. And in almost all areas of research required to conduct large-scale experiments, purchased precision equipment, considerable resources are spent on the creation of a new element base due to the fact that the work was carried out in the interests of national security.

In the end, it was created and successfully passed state tests. It was a fantastically complex multi-level system - essentially a combat robot missile space defense. It functions with any change of the situation is fully automatic - the person is not able to understand the variety of processes taking place at ICBM interception in the allotted time for this, especially in conditions of severe noise, including the effects of nuclear explosions.

Built-in circuit organization management response at nuclear missile attack - along with the warning system missile attack - this system greatly improves the accuracy of the information early warning system at the expense of unique information capabilities of its member MRLS "Don-2N", and on the results of the selection data and echeloned intercept ICBM warheads will not leave any room for doubt about the use of nuclear weapons the enemy and serve for the timely preparation of response actions-making, ensuring the inevitability of zmezdiya. By the way, it is the need of selection warheads brought to life - just 40 years ago, after successful trials in the US ICBM "Minuteman-3" with MIRV individual guidance - the problem of transition to create a new generation of strategic missile defense systems.

The problem was solved by a concentration of efforts of dozens of teams working as part of CSPA "Vympel" and in cooperation with them under the direction of A.G.Basistova due to a number of scientific and technological breakthroughs in the various defense industries, which then belonged, along with organizations engaged development of nuclear weapons, ballistic missiles and other weapons, and many others, including those working in the field of electronics and computer technology. Increase their human potential, attracted graduates from the best universities in the country, and the new base of the department, one of which was in charge of A.G.Basistova were created in MIPT.

It is important to emphasize that the Moscow missile defense system in full compliance with the terms of the Treaty on the Limitation of ABM systems, with A.G.Basistova repeatedly brought to the Standing Consultative Commission under the Treaty, which also aims to promote the implementation of agreements on measures to reduce the danger of nuclear war and Limitation of Strategic arms (including SALT SALT 1 and 2).

Greater role in the work on "anti-SDI" played a part of academic institutions, Siberian Branch of the Academy of Sciences of the USSR, in particular, the development direction of system programming was instructed that subsequently led to the creation of industrial enterprises for the development of specialized software and algorithmic support. And indeed the Academy of Sciences largely formed at the time due to the "defense" of leaders, among them was AG Basistov. His theoretical and applied research significantly advanced the technology of creation of radar, computer science, optoelectronics, communications.

Through its participation almost half a century ago, development of domestic multiprocessor computer systems got a significant impulse, with speeds that allowed realtime keep reception and processing of the signal and trajectory information simultaneously to many tens of targets with the space velocity and thus to produce and transmit to the board several ABM management team, and most importantly - to manage all these processes automatically.

In the 1990s, under the direction of A. G. Basistova, the committee chaired by Academician E.P.Velihov developed a concept for the further development of missile defense. It was based on the latest scientific and technological developments and takes into account the real danger of the US unilateral withdrawal from the ABM Treaty in 1972. Its proposals on the organization of the necessary research and development work Anatoly G. officially reported to the Government. But no decision was not followed.

The share of A.G.Basistov dropped out and drank the bitterness of downgrading the role he created strategic missile defense, this complex scientific and technical masterpiece, to the normal defense system, which, that and look to remain workable only the information part, and it is in this case derived from the failure of one rocket even if we have been informed of its launch, as "random start". But this - the consequences of a political (rather than organizational and technical) solutions, which resulted in funding for missile defense declined in recent years, the life of A.G.Basistova two orders of magnitude! After the termination of funding cost him a great effort to complete the procedure for setting the system on alert (after half a decade after the successful public testing!), which, of course, completely undermined his health.

The problem of protecting from attack missile means rises more sharply with respect to their steady spread in the world, the probability of growth of their use by terrorist organizations. The growing backlog in the most high-tech region, the lack of experimental data, allowing at least a form input data for such developments, deprives Russia of the possibility of adequate and timely response to emerging threats.

In this case, the main thing today, in strategic containment - to develop the direction of creating automatically adapts to changes in the external environment of the integrated system, collect and combine different levels diverse information about the hundreds of thousands of objects and their characteristics, and the ability to automatically, both in Moscow missile defense system, to solve problems intercept an ICBM in conjunction with tasks interception BR medium-range missiles, including maneuvering, as well as cruise missiles. Algorithms support a binding decisions at each hierarchical level control should form appropriate for the current circumstances "threshold" on the basis of criteria defined by the national security concept and military doctrine and alliance obligations, taking into account the current capacity and efficiency of defense systems, including missile defense and early warning.

In this case, obtained under the supervision of air space, and optical and radar high-quality information is the surface of the Earth to be used in the formation of a single information and control field, ensuring the adoption and implementation of operational decisions in a variety of crisis situations, including those relating to the growing threats of natural and man-made disasters For example, fire detection, monitoring the transport of dangerous goods, etc.

Thus, the technological advance, resulting in works carried out under the direction of A. G. Basistova , can serve as a basis supradepartmental system of crisis management of the economy, allowing in times of peace based on the analysis of the diverse information and forecast the most likely developments to reduce risks and and minimize the damage in terms of sudden disasters.

Anatoly Georgievich on September 16, 1998, died on the 78th year of life.

Between Kisunko and Basistov, as well as between some other outstanding scientists and designers working in the same defense fields, there were irreconcilable contradictions and even long-term enmity. That the success of one of them often simply crossed out the fate and life of a competitor. And although many of them were treated kindly by the authorities, crowned with stars of heroes, laureate prizes and scientific titles, it happened more than once or twice that defeat in the struggle for a state order, for the adoption of "your" combat system or complex led to heart attacks, to dismissal from what you love and to actual oblivion. Not everyone was able to survive such a blow, to forgive an opponent for his success.